Aoi Matsuri: A Festival Steeped in History and Tradition
Introduction
Aoi Matsuri, or the Hollyhock Festival, is one of the most famous Japanese festivals, held annually in Kyoto. As one of the three major festivals in Kyoto, it attracts thousands of visitors from all over the world who come to experience the beauty of traditional Japanese culture. This traditional Japanese festival is unique for its grand parade, historical significance, and deep connection to ancient Kyoto. If you’re planning to explore cultural festivals in Japan, Aoi Matsuri is a must-see event on the Japanese festival calendar.
| Event Dates | May 15, 2025 |
| Official site | https://ja.kyoto.travel/event/major/aoi/ |
| Location (venue) |
Kamigamo Shrine |
| Address | 339 Kamigamo Honzan, Kita Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto |
| Entry | Free |
History and Origins of Aoi Matsuri
The Background of the Festival
Aoi Matsuri dates back over 1,400 years, making it one of the oldest festivals in Japan. It originated during the Heian period as a way to appease the gods of the Kamo Shrines, Kamigamo and Shimogamo, in hopes of averting natural disasters and ensuring good harvests. The festival’s name comes from the hollyhock leaves (Aoi in Japanese) that are used to decorate the festival’s participants, horses, and carriages. These leaves were believed to protect against storms and other misfortunes, which played a significant role in the religious aspects of this cultural festival in Japan.
Historical Evolution
Throughout the centuries, Aoi Matsuri has evolved but has maintained its strong connection to Kyoto’s rich history. Initially, it was primarily a religious event with a focus on Shinto rituals. Over time, it developed into a grand cultural celebration that showcases traditional Japanese dance festivals, courtly customs, and imperial processions. This transformation has helped secure its place as one of the best festivals in Japan, drawing both local and international visitors every year.
Highlights and Main Attractions of Aoi Matsuri
Major Events and Performances
One of the most captivating aspects of Aoi Matsuri is the grand procession that recreates the Heian period court life. More than 500 participants dress in elaborate, authentic Heian-period costumes, including stunning Japanese festival costumes made of silk. The main highlight of this festival is the Roto no Gi, a grand parade that stretches for approximately 8 kilometers from the Imperial Palace to the Kamigamo Shrine. It begins at around 10:30 AM and lasts until late afternoon.
In this parade, participants represent the imperial court, including high-ranking officials, ladies-in-waiting, and warriors. The parade is led by a messenger from the emperor, known as the Imperial Messenger, who rides on horseback, followed by richly decorated ox-drawn carriages, traditional music, and dance performances. Each segment of the procession symbolizes different parts of Kyoto’s ancient cultural and religious life. Visitors can witness a beautiful blend of Japanese festival traditions, combining religious rituals with ceremonial pomp.
The Saio-dai, a key figure in the festival, is another major attraction. She represents the emperor’s daughter and is chosen from among unmarried women of Kyoto. The Saio-dai wears a breathtaking twelve-layered kimono known as Junihitoe, showcasing the elegance of traditional Japanese festival costumes. The procession’s climax occurs when the Saio-dai offers prayers and performs rituals at the Kamigamo and Shimogamo Shrines, ensuring a connection to the festival’s religious roots.
Unique Traditions and Customs of the Festival
Aoi Matsuri’s traditions are deeply rooted in Shinto beliefs and Kyoto’s imperial past. Many of the participants wear hollyhock leaves, which symbolize protection against natural disasters. The decorations on carriages and costumes reflect this ancient belief, highlighting the spiritual significance of the festival. Visitors will also notice the presence of horses adorned with vibrant ornaments, which play a central role in many traditional Japanese festivals like Aoi Matsuri.
Must-See Attractions and Experiences
Beyond the main parade, there are several other aspects of the festival that shouldn’t be missed. The Shinto rituals performed at the Kamigamo and Shimogamo Shrines offer visitors a chance to experience an authentic spiritual side of Japanese festivals. The grand, open spaces of Kyoto, especially along the Kamo River, offer ideal locations to enjoy this magnificent event.
For those seeking an immersive experience, participating in the pre-festival rituals, such as the purification ceremony known as Misogi, adds a deeper cultural layer to the visit. Don’t forget to explore Kyoto’s historical sites while you’re here, as they complement the festival’s ambiance perfectly.
How to Enjoy Aoi Matsuri
As a Participant
Although the procession is led by selected individuals, visitors can still partake in the festival by attending in traditional attire or watching from the sidelines. Wearing a Japanese festival costume, such as a yukata, can enhance your experience. Many shops in Kyoto rent these traditional outfits, allowing you to fully immerse yourself in the festivities.
As a Tourist
For tourists, Aoi Matsuri offers a rare opportunity to witness traditional Japanese festivals in one of Japan’s most historically significant cities. Arrive early to secure a good spot along the parade route, as the streets become crowded quickly. The best viewing spots are near the Imperial Palace and the Shimogamo Shrine, where the procession’s main rituals take place. Consider bringing a map of the area to navigate easily, especially if you plan to explore other festivals in Kyoto during your visit.
Recommended Attire and Essentials
Since Aoi Matsuri takes place in mid-May, the weather is usually mild. Comfortable clothing and shoes are a must, especially if you plan to walk along the entire parade route. A hat and sunscreen are recommended for protection from the sun. Don’t forget to bring a camera to capture the stunning scenes of Japanese street festivals and Japanese festival costumes.
Best Viewing Spots
The most recommended spots to view the procession are along Marutamachi Street, where you can see the parade in its full grandeur. The area near Shimogamo Shrine also offers a great vantage point to see the final rituals performed by the Saio-dai. Another excellent location is near the Kamigamo Shrine, where the procession culminates with impressive Shinto ceremonies.
Food and Souvenirs
Traditional Foods and Drinks
No Japanese festival guide is complete without mentioning the delicious foods available at the event. Aoi Matsuri is no exception, offering a wide range of traditional dishes from food stalls set up along the route. You can enjoy Japanese food festivals staples like yakitori, taiyaki, and takoyaki while soaking in the atmosphere. Don’t miss out on seasonal specialties unique to Kyoto, like yatsuhashi (sweet rice cakes) and matcha-based treats.
Souvenirs and Local Specialties
Kyoto is famous for its beautiful crafts and souvenirs. Visitors can find unique items such as hollyhock-themed trinkets, handcrafted fans, and silk goods. These items make for perfect gifts or keepsakes that commemorate your experience at one of the best festivals in Japan. Don’t forget to pick up a talisman or a charm from the Kamigamo Shrine, which is said to bring good fortune and protection.
Access
Access to Kamigamo Shrine
By Train and Bus
The nearest major station to Kamigamo Shrine is Kyoto Station. From Kyoto Station, take the Karasuma Line subway to Kitaoji Station. This journey takes approximately 15 minutes. Once you arrive at Kitaoji Station, transfer to the Kyoto City Bus number 4 bound for Kamigamo Shrine (Kamigamojinja-mae). The bus ride takes about 15 minutes, and the stop is directly in front of the shrine.
By Bus
From Kyoto Station, you can also take the Kyoto City Bus number 9 or 37 directly to Kamigamojinja-mae. The journey takes approximately 40 minutes, and the bus stop is just a short walk from the entrance of the shrine.
By Car or Taxi
If you are driving or taking a taxi, the shrine is located about 30 minutes from central Kyoto, depending on traffic. There is parking available near the shrine, though spaces may be limited during peak visiting hours or festival times.
